Gurley, Michael. Operation Earnest Will. Naval War College, Newport RI., Mar 1994.
Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) have been conducted throughout U.S. military history and are expected to play an important role in future military operations. One example of MOOTW was the United States/ Kuwaiti Tanker Escort Mission, "Operation Earnest Will", conducted in the Persian Gulf in 1987-1988. It was a joint military operation in support of U.S. vital interests that provides a model for the study of MOOTW. This is a study on how the operational commander of Operation Earnest Will used the six principles of MOOTW and accomplished U.S. national security objectives. The six principles are: objective, unity of effort, security, restraint, perseverance and legitimacy.